Bangkok: With the onset of the rainy season, diabetic patients are being warned about the heightened risk of developing infected and festering foot ulcers from walking through puddles. Diabetic individuals often experience neurological complications, resulting in numbness and reduced sensation in the feet, which can lead to unnoticed cuts or wounds. High blood sugar levels further impair the immune system, increasing susceptibility to infections. Poor peripheral blood circulation can also hinder wound healing, potentially resulting in gangrene and deep ulcers.

According to Thai News Agency, there are six essential foot care techniques recommended to prevent these dangers. Firstly, patients should manage their blood sugar levels, adhere to their doctor's treatment plan, and maintain a healthy diet and exercise regimen. Secondly, daily foot inspections using a mirror, especially between the toes, are crucial to spot any abnormalities. Thirdly, thorough washing and drying of feet, along with moisturizing, are advised to prevent fungal infections and skin cracking.

Proper toenail care is also important; patients should avoid cutting too deeply to prevent ingrown toenails, which can easily become infected. Wearing shoes at all times, even indoors, is advised to protect against sharp objects. Shoes should be closed-toe with slip-resistant soles. Lastly, any unusual signs such as wounds or redness should prompt an immediate visit to the doctor to prevent serious complications.

Diabetes diagnosis involves fasting blood sugar measurements, with levels of 126 mg/dL or higher indicating diabetes. The HbA1c test, which reflects average blood sugar levels over three months, is also used, with results above 6.5% indicating diabetes.

At-risk groups include young, sedentary individuals who frequently use mobile phones, consume high levels of carbohydrates and sugars, and those with obesity or a family history of diabetes. Another serious complication is diabetic retinopathy, where capillaries in the retina swell and rupture, leading to vision obstruction. Regular eye examinations and laser treatment are recommended to prevent irreversible damage.